The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, which is reproduced at
http://www.bartleby.com/61/ contains an up-to-date list of Indo-European roots.
That same source has an article on "Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans" by Calvert Watkins at http://www.bartleby.com/61/8.html
To illustrate how close Latvian is lexically to proto-Indo-European, I just went through Watkins 7-page article and listed those hypothetical Indo-European roots (marked with an asterisk *) which are identical or nearly identical with Latvian. Most linguists do NOT know this kind of basic information about Latvian at all - they are incredibly ignorant and closed-minded in their own field, wallowing mostly in Greek and Latin and not paying attention to the evidence.
mainstream hypothetical
Indo-European Roots compared with still existing Latvian language
*do "give" = Latvian do (pronounced duo)
*ed "eat" = Latvian ed (Hittite ed-)
*ped "foot" = Latvian ped-
*es and *bheua- "expressing existence" = Latvian es ("I") esu ("am"),
bij-, bija "was"
*sen "old" = Latvian sen
*yeu- "youth" = Latvian jau-ns ("young")
*tu "you" = Latvian tu
*nes- "we" = Latvian mes
*yu- "you" = Latvian ju(s)
*persistent pronomial stems *to- and *ko = Latvian to and ko
*me- "measure" = Latvian me(r)
*sawel "Sun" = Latvian saule
*ster- "star" = Latvian stari "rays of light"
*aus- "East, to shine" = Latvian aus-trumi "East" aus-t "rise"
*nekt- "night" = Latvian nakt-
*sneigh "snow" = Latvian snieg
*deiw "divine bright sky, deus, God, Zeus" - Latvian diev-
*s(t)ena "thunder" = Latvian sitiena "strike, of a peal of thunder
*and lightning"
*dhghem- "earth" = Latvian zem- (dhgh = zh)
*ere "row" = Latvian aire
*ghwer "wild animal" = Latvain zver-
*vlko- "wolf" = Latvian vilku "of the wolf"
*wlp "fox" = Latvian lap-sa
*dhghu "fish" = Latvian zivu- "of the fish" (dhgh = zh)
*bhei "bee" = Latvian bi-te (also in ancient Egyptian bi-te)
*medhu "mead" = Latvian med- "honey"
*wi-ro "man" = Latvian vir-
*man "person" = Latvian man "mine, for me, for the self"
*mer- "to die" = Latvian mir-
*kerd- "heart" = Latvian sird-
*yek-r "liver" = Latvian ak-na
*s(w)e "self" = Lativan sev, sava
*mela "grinding" = Latvian mala
*egna "fire" = Latvian ugun, ugunis Latin ignis
*dhwer- "door" = Latvian dur- (Latvian caur, pronounced tsaur
= "through")
*nobh - "nobh" = Latvian naba
*kel-o "revolve, wheel" = Latvian cel-o "travel, road"
*wegh "vehicle transport" = Latvian vaga "rut"
*men- "mind" = Latvian min "mention", at-min "remember",
at-mina "memory"
reg- "tribal king" = Latvian rik-uo "lead, organize"
*legh- "law" = Latvian liek- "to set down", lik-ums "law,
lieg-t "forbid, prohibit", lik-t "bid, command"
Latin lex (Latvian legts "decided")
numbers (but these are pretty uniform in all Indo-European tongues)
*dwo = Latvian divi
*trei = Latvian tri(s)
*ketwer = Latvian chetri
*penke = Latvian pieci
*seks = Latvian sesh-
*septm = Latvian septin-
*okto(u) = Latvian asto-
*newn = Latvian dev-n-
*dekm = Latvian desm-
More on Indo-European roots will be forthcoming. Many hypothetical Indo-European roots are faulty, and we will be correcting them. Also some of the roots given above are not accurate and we will show where the errors have been made.
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
Most Popular Posts of All Time
-
The Phaistos Disc: An Ancient Enigma Solved - by Andis Kaulins [1] Presented 31 October 2008 at the INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE PHAISTO...
-
The tomb of Senenmut (also written Senmut, both are wrong as we show in the next posting) located as Tomb TT353 at Del el-Bahri, Egypt, has...
-
Writing Origins! This is one my most important postings ever because it is an important step forward in resolving the question of the origin...
-
Who was Tutankhamun and was he murdered by the Philistines? Nearly five years ago I made a posting to the LexiLine group on the History ...
-
I received an email recently alerting me to the fascinating megalithic underwater site of Atlit-Yam in Israel. The Israel Antiquities ...
-
The terms Semite and Semitic were first coined by the German historian August Ludwig von Schlözer only in the modern era in the year 1781...
-
I am still working on my formal write-up of my Gobekli Tepe decipherment which will show that Göbekli Tepe is astronomical in nature and...
-
I received an inquiry relating to Agoza which indicated that I needed to post some more information about it. Agoza is merely the site of an...
-
Turin Canon of Kings to be Revised : More Fragments Discovered THIS IS SENSATIONAL NEWS! Ancient Tides is a nice blog by Gregory LeFever...
LexiLine Journal Archive
-
▼
2004
(72)
-
▼
June
(12)
- The Phaistos Disk Revisited - LexiLine Journal 289
- Pharaonic Egyptian Hieroglyphs 1 - The Vowels - Ma...
- Indo-European Roots and Latvian I - LexiLine Journ...
- Indo-European Roots - Sources - LexiLine Journal 286
- Bengt Hemtun on the Ancient World - LexiLine Journ...
- What is Agglutination in Linguistics? - Language S...
- Basque and Ogam - LexiLine Journal 283
- More on How Old are the Baltic Languages? Latvian,...
- How Old are the Baltic Languages? - LexiLine Journ...
- Ancient Lower Egypt Nome 6 - LexiLine Journal 280
- More on Horvandillus - Confluence of Nordic Mytho...
- Atlantis Plato Solon Egyptian Priests - LexiLine J...
-
▼
June
(12)
No comments:
Post a Comment