Tuesday, October 29, 2002

LexiLine Journal #90 - 2002 : : Aill Na Mireann - The Catstone - Ecliptic Celestial Equator 3117 BC

Welcome!

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I have deleted the old mireann.gif and mireann.tif in our Ancient
Ireland file folder and have added new versions at
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files/Ancient%20Ireland/ as

mireann.gif and
mireann.tif

showing how the upper recessed area is the ecliptic
and the lower recessed area is the celestial equator

I originally had the lower recessed area as the ecliptic and this
was wrong. The new, corrected version now allows us to date this
megalith with certainty, since the point of crossing of the
celestial equator and ecliptic at the Autumn Equinox is at the head
of Scorpio on the megalith. This marks a date of ca. 3117 BC.

LexiLine Journal #89 - 2002 : Skregg the Short-Eared Owl Photos Ireland County Roscommon Ursa Major

Welcome!

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I have collected some links about the short-eared owl
represented by the megalith Skregg in Roscommon, Ireland.

The Short-eared Owl has the Latin name Asio flammeus
and in French it is called Hibou des marais.

The French also have some important photos online, especially the first one below, showing the owl in a flatter position, which it often takes, being very much a "ground" owl and also hunting during the day, which is unusual.

http://www.vendee.lpo-birdlife.asso.fr/OISEAUX/hib.htm
http://members.aol.com/filb41/foto24.jpg
http://www.lincstrust.co.uk/species/birds/so.html
ttp://www.birdsofprey.org.uk/Short%20Eared%20Owl.htm
http://lpo29.free.fr/hibou_des_marais.html
http://members.tripod.com/dumontb2001/hiboux/hiboudesmarais.html
http://perso.wanadoo.fr/oiseauxdefrance/Fiche.hibou.marais.htm
http://www.bsc-eoc.org/dow

One can begin to appreciate why people take up birdwatching.

You can compare these photos of the short-eared owl to the very few photos of Skregg online at
http://www.themodernantiquarian.com/image.php?image_id=6442
and
http://www.megalithomania.com/show_site.php?site_id=620

Do not expect the confluence to appear immediately - it does not. But study the stone for several minutes and then you may see the ancient now very weatherworn similarity.

Monday, October 28, 2002

LexiLine Journal #88 - 2002 : Creevykeel Carrowkeel Sligo Ireland Virgo

Welcome!

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I have uploaded

carrowkeel.gif and
carrowkeel.tif

to our Ancient Ireland folder

The connection of Sligo to Virgo is also found at the extensive site Carrowmore which is allegedly the burial place for Queen Maeve, on the cairn atop the mountain of Knocknaree, Queen Maeve, as the legendary ancestor of the Celts, is surely Virgo,
known in Anglo-Saxon as Maiden and in Latin as Minerva.

Carrowkeel Cairn G Sligo Solstice Calculation 2430 BC

Cairn G of the site Carrowkeel in Sligo, Ireland is an astronomical masterpiece of calculation, with the sun shining over the doorway at the Summer Solstice, then being reflected back by a shiny mica wall to the portal stone, which has a vertical slit in it through which the reflected sunlight passes.

As we have discovered, the figures carved on the portal megalith stone of Cairn G permit calculation of the date of this Summer Solstice to June 25, 2430 BC at which time there was a solar eclipse and the line of the Solstices ran from Deneb in Cygnus, through the North Ecliptic Pole, the North Celestial Pole and along the side of the left cup stars of Ursa Major, i.e. the Big Dipper....

This is precisely the line shown by the portal stone in the drawing above.

Also,
creevykeel2.gif and
creevykeel2.tif
have replaced creevykeel1.gif and .tif in our files
because of a small correction
- moving the Ursa Major label down where it belongs
and adding Pegasus and Andromeda in the background for the stones behind it.

Sunday, October 27, 2002

LexiLine Journal #87 - 2002 : Skregg Screeaghag Oie Owl County Roscommon Ireland Ursa Major

Welcome!

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In one of the most satisfying confirmations of my megalithic identifications in Ireland, I have finally figured out what figure the megalith SKREGG in Ireland represents, the megalith I have - as it turns out - correctly identified as Ursa Major in County Roscommon.

The name "Skregg" for this megalith gives us a clue to the figure on the megalith.

In Irish Gaelic screeaghag oie is a "fern owl, nightjar" - the short-eared owl or what we might call a "screech (skregg) owl". Skregg is an owl.

This owl - indigenous to the British Isles - can be viewed online at the World Owl Trust at
http://www.owls.org/Species/asio/short_eared_owl.htm

Most interesting are the two large dimples near the mouth below the eyes, giving us the two other stars of Ursa Major in the cup-part of the Big Dipper.

Fabulous.

So this Skregg.

Thursday, October 24, 2002

LexiLine Journal #86 - 2002 : Turoe Stone County Galway Ireland Hydra


Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded
turoe.gif and
turoe.tif

The Turoe graphics represent my decipherment of the famed Turoe Stone of County Galway, Ireland to show that it represents Hydra, in a system which I date to ca. 1 BC, as this depiction is fairly modern in origin.

The stars of Hydra are shown on the stone as circles or circular whorls and Hydra is shown to be almost a mythological creature, though the head is clearly visible.

One sees the Turoe stone clearly when the Turoe Stone is folded out into four parts
as at the folded-out Turoe Design at

http://www.unc.edu/courses/art111/celtic/design/turoe/turoe.html

using an idea from Peter Harbison's book,
Pre-Christian Ireland,
Thames and Hudson Ltd.,London, 1988, p. 159.

If you make the circles dark in color, one gets the same Hydra picture as above.

The Galway sister site, Ballynacloghy, is in my opinion about 3000 years older in its representation of Hydra and Leo.

LexiLine Journal #85 - 2002 : Ballyedmonduff County Dublin Ireland Andromeda Planisphere

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded
in addition to
ballyedmonduff.gif
and
ballyedmonduff.tif
also the files
ballyedmonduff2.gif
ballyedmonduff2.tif
and
ballyedmonduff3.gif
ballyedmonduff3.tif

The site of Ballyedmonduff in County Dublin, Ireland teaches us several important lessons about megalithic sites.

Except for stones added or moved since the creation of any megalithic site, the following is generally true:

1. ALL of the stones at Neolithic megalithic sites, whether big megaliths OR small stones, are there by intention to serve a particular purpose. They are not there by chance. They have been selected for their position out of many megaliths and stones available to the builders. Especially megaliths made of quartz or granite or being of a particular color deserve special attention. The ancients intended it that way - it is not chance. Relative sizes are also significant, often marking the brightness of stars.

2. Many of the stones at megalithic sites have been carved to give them a "living identity", i.e. generally an eye and a mouth at least, and often the entire stone is in the form of some bird or animal or human head - not always identifiable. Maybe all stones are so marked, but due to weathering this is impossible to tell.

3. Many of the stones at megalithic sites have been carved with figures to represent a star or a group of stars. The process looks complicated but is simple. First you carve a large megalith into a particular form. Then you carve more figures onto the already created figure. Within those figures, or even overlapping, you carve even more figures, and so on, until the megalith is covered with carvings, all of course representing various stars in various areas of the sky - some larger, some smaller.

4. Some areas of worked stone seem to weather differently and sometimes are marked by a form of whitish mold. Perhaps the worked areas are a a bit deeper than the normal surface and thus offer mold a better grip.

5. Some of the quartz stones are carved so that the carved figures literally blaze in darkness, much like objects under ultraviolet light. Look e.g. at some photos online of Arthur's Stone Maen Ceti (a gigantic quartz stone in Wales) and then darken the picture in stages in your graphic program - the figures "in the stone" will become apparent marked by fiery colored stars. I am sure this is intentional but I do not know how the ancients did it. If they carved the stones in cold winters in caves using torchlight - as a form of occupation (or calling) - the dim light would have forced them to emphasize lighter grains in the stone to see their own work. Reliefs would literally then dance in the flickering torch light. Perhaps that is how the art of megalith sculpting came to its peak.

6. Many of the stones have visible stars marked on them which mark the particular region of heavens represented by a particular stone. I wish I had known this to begin the decipherment, where I concentrated only on cupmarks of major stars. However, as I have continued this work, magnifying photographs of megalithic sites in my graphic programs, it has become clear that many darker "dots" which appear on magnified pictures are in fact intentional man-made "additions" to the stone, marking stars not so bright, but helping enormously in identifying the stars intended.

Ballyedmonduff, for example, shows the star alpha-Pegasi and the darker dots around this star represent the other smaller (less bright) visible stars around it. In this manner alpha-Pegasi is identified without great doubt, thereby giving greater credence to the entire decipherment. Once a star is established with certainty, the other stars can be identified by logical consequence.

Ballyedmonduff is a so-called "court tomb". In reality, it is not a tomb at all, but a geodetic astronomical planisphere.

Ballyedmonduff is similar to Creevykeel in Sligo, except that Creevykeel marks Virgo and Ballyedmonduff marks Andromeda.

The largest megalith on the site of Ballyedmonduff marks Andromeda. The other stones mark all of the other major stellar constellations of the heavens. EVERY stone counts. Some of my matches of stones and stars are surely provisional, based only on two photos, but I am certain that the general identification of many of the stones will turn out to be correct in the long term.

LexiLine Journal #84 - 2002 : Glencullen County Dublin Ireland Andromeda

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

glencullen.gif and
glencullen.tif

Glencullen in County Dublin marks Andromeda.

The quartzite Glencullen megalith is one of those special quartz megaliths, all of which represent a special style that I assign to one ancient artist, thinking that one particular cave - e.g. such as Kents Cavern - was the origin of the quartz stones, where they were also sculpted and then transported. Perhaps the geologists will one day be able to determine the origin of the quartz stones, or at least check if they could have a common quarry origin.

Glencullen represents Andromeda and the megalith has Andromeda cupmarked as well as Cassiopeia above it. The reverse, back side of the megalith shows a vase and above that the stars of Boötes, which is exactly opposite in the sky. Below Boötes the constellation Ophiuchus seems to be marked as a figure.

There is a side view of the stone as well but this was not helpful for the decipherment.

Wednesday, October 23, 2002

LexiLine Journal #83 - 2002 : Tirnony County Derry Ireland Sagittarius

Welcome!

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The decipherment of the megaliths at the megalithic site Tirnony in
County Derry has been added to the Ancient Ireland folder at Ancient Ireland, where I have uploaded

tirnony.gif
and
tirnony.tif

representing Sagittarius.

The ireland.gif and ireland.tif files
have also been replaced by newer versions
reflecting the following changes -
Poulnabrone added
Gleninsheen added
Monaghan spelled now without a hyphen.

LexiLine Journal #82 - 2002 : Gleninsheen Poulnabrone Revised Clare County Ireland Cancer Spinning Wheel

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded new revised versions of the graphics

poulnabrone.gif
and
poulnabrone.tif

by adding some more spinning wheel parts to the spinning wheel and suggesting the capstone as a representation of a loom - though I know next to nothing about the art of weaving, so this is speculatively provisional.

Poulnabrone is one of the most popular megalithic tourist sites in all of Ireland.

Near it, at the Gleninsheen Dolmen, a gold gorget - the 31 cm Gleninsheen Gorget or Collar now in the National Museum of Ireland - was discovered in 1932.

As noted at Celtic Jewel:
http://www.celticjewel.com/jewelryorigins.html

"The Gleninsheen Gorget or the neck ornament is made from a solid sheet of pure gold. Gorgets are unique to Ireland.... The Gleninsheen Collar also has the distinction of being the logo of the Federation of Jewellery Manufacturers of Ireland."

A graphic of the gorget is found on that website page.

For the Gleninsheen Dolmen, I will be uploading

gleninsheen.gif
and
gleninsheen.tif

showing Gleninsheen Dolmen in County Clare to also represent the spinning wheel in the figures on the megaliths. Glen-in-sheen may have a root SHEEN, perhaps the Gaelic SHAOL "loom" and SNEEUANE "web" whence sneeuanee "cross-hairs" sneeuder "spinner" sneeuder cadee "cotton-spinner" and sneeuit "spun". This would appear to be similar to Latvian SHUJINA, diminutive "SEWN". In fact, the English SEWN is also still close as a term to SHEEN.

One additional new piece of information supports the decipherment of the Poulnabrone Dolmen.

Although I initially suggested a word root (s)poul-na-brone,

the name Poulnabrone

( see http://doolinclare.port5.com/northclare/northclare4.html and
http://www.doolin-accommodation.com/megaliths.html)

allegedly comes from the Gaelic Poll na Bron meaning "hole of the quern" and this alleged root fits perfectly for this site, putting it at the center of the spokes of Cancer, and since quern
means "hand-mill for milling grain" we see it also anciently could have meant spinning wheel, here driven by foot, with the head of Hydra as the pedal.

Tuesday, October 22, 2002

LexiLine Journal #81 - 2002 : Poulnabrone County Clare Ireland Cancer Spinning Wheel

Welcome!

[Update: Revision of this post at LexiLine Journal #82]

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

poulnabrone.gif
and
poulnabrone.tif

from County Clare in Ireland, representing the stars of Cancer.

The amazing thing about these megaliths is that the same representational theme of a spinning wheel is used at the megalithic site of Spinster's Rock (i.e. Spinner's Rock) Dartmoor in Devon, England to represent the stars of Cancer.

The name Poulnabrone may thus originate in *(S)poul-na-brone, whence Gaelic spal = shuttle or spool, and brone perhaps in the Gaelic form broineag means "rag" i.e. cloth, which is similar to Latvian brunchi "skirts", but of course, that is very speculative.

LexiLine Journal #80 - 2002 : Pietra con Coppelle Pietra Coppellata Combara Italy

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Italy
I have uploaded

pietraconcoppelle.gif
and
pietraconcoppelle.tif

showing a megalithic rock planisphere of the heavens at Combara, Italy, marking the stars from Cygnus on the left to Corvus and Crater on the right and including between them in the rock drawing the stars of the constellations of Scutum, Serpens Cauda, Hercules, Serpens Caput, Draco, Libra and Virgo.

I have also uploaded

pietracoppellataak2.gif
and pietracoppelataak2.tif

showing how cupmarked rocks at Combara mark Cassiopeia and in part Cepheus - in great stellar detail.

LexiLine Journal #79 - 2002 : Planispheres Sardinia Corsica Cala Gonone Ursa Minor Filitosa North Ecliptic Pole Mamoiada North Celestial Pole

Welcome!

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In my analysis of the geodetics and astronomy of Italy, including Sardinia, Italy and Corsica, France we find the following:

La Spezia, Italy marks Cassiopeia
Mamoiada, Sardinia marks the North Celestial Pole
Filitosa, Corsica marks the North Ecliptic Pole

and thus
Cala Ganone on the coast of Sardinia marks and can only mark Ursa Minor as shown by

calagono.gif and calagono.tif

as uploaded to the Italy folder in our LexiLine files at Italy

There is also a planisphere at Cala Gonone uploaded as

confrontodifacce.gif and conftonodifacce.tif with the uploaded calagon.gif and calagon.tif showing the front stone of that planisphere of stones.

LexiLine Journal #78 - 2002 : Combara Grotto Italy Aldebaran Hyades

Welcome!

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Enrico Calzolari in Italy has sent me a number of photos of sites in Italy and Sardinia which I have deciphered and drawn based on his photos and which I reproduce with Enrico's permission.

To our file folder on Italy
I have uploaded

combara5.gif
and
combara5.tif

as well as

grottoN.gif
and
grottoN.tif

showing perhaps yet another group of stars from this grotto, these representing Aldebaran and the Hyades as well as stars at the main entrance - though this rock is so weathered that identifications are VERY speculative.

For more information on this grotto, go to
http://www3.shiny.it/caprione/jenam.htm

LexiLine Journal #77 - 2002 : Planisphere Grotto N Combara Italy

Welcome!

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Enrico Calzolari in Italy has sent me a number of photos of sites in Italy and Sardinia which I have deciphered and drawn based on his photos and which I reproduce with Enrico's permission.

To our file folder on Italy
I have uploaded

cavernadellalunaak.gif and
cavernadellalunaak.tif

The gif is distorted on some screens because of the size of the picture and you may have to copy it to your graphics program to see it correctly, or, alternatively, look at the .tif, which is shown correctly online.

Grotto N in Combara, Italy, is clearly a carved rock drawing site, where this entrance shows a planisphere of the heavens with the cave entrance forming the ellipse of the Milky Way and the stars outside of that ellipse being around it (so my decipherment).

Historcially, Grotto N was used by "priestesses" of a sort, so that some of the figures seemingly visible toward the back of the cave are not redrawn but only referred to by text.

As can be read at
http://www.italycyberguide.com/Geography/regions/liguria.htm
the first evidence of human settlement in this region is in fact in
caves such as Grotto N.

Saturday, October 19, 2002

LexiLine Journal #77-A - 2002 Nostratic Semitic Arabic Aramaic Baltic Germanic

Welcome!


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Nostratic is an important field of research which I discuss at
http://www.lexiline.com/ e.g at

I was surprised by the comment of a reader that Germanic languages
allegedly exhibited more cognates with Semitic than any other language family of
Indo-European. This was something new to me and I asked for the source of this information - which, however, was not forthcoming.

What the writer may have been referring to are the two type of Hebrews and
their somewhat separate languages, which are Sephardic Hebrew (Oriental-rite Jews) and Ashkenazi Hebrew (Germanic-rite Jews), with the latter being greatly influenced by the period of the German diaspora. But this has nothing to do with the actual origin of the original Hebrew language. Obviously, there was much interchange between Hebrews and the Germanic peoples in their period of sojourn there.

There are other substantial differences between the Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews which are difficult to explain, see e.g.
http://www.lrainc.com/swtaboo/late/aptsda02.html

The assumption worldwide is that all Jews are the same, which is just not true, and the same problem applies to lumping the ancient Hebrew language into one "Semitic" pot, which is equally untrue.

Let me caution everyone about using the word "Semitic".
As one can see at my web pages at e.g.

http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi48.htm and
www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi15.htm,

August Ludwig von Schloezer only coined the term "Semitic" 200 years ago and it is much misused term, adopted by the clueless mainstream linguists. I try not use it myself because it presumes in the name Semitic the very thing which has not been proven, i.e. a common origin of Arabic and Hebrew, which is just not true.

Schloezer, a German, by the way, alleged that the language group he defined as "Semitic" - relying mostly on Hebrew - had a great number of similarities to Baltic, and I am not aware of such comparisons with Germanic, although of course, these too should exist, since all are related language families to the degree that the compared elements are Indo-European in origin.

Also, Schloezer unfortunately lumped together Arabic, Hebrew and Aramaic in their origins.

As noted under Semitic in the Wikipedia:

"The term Semite was proposed at first to refer to the languages related to Hebrew by Ludwig Schlözer, in Eichhorn's "Repertorium", vol. VIII (Leipzig, 1781), p. 161. Through Eichhorn the name then came into general usage (cf. his "Einleitung in das Alte Testament" (Leipzig, 1787), I, p. 45. In his "Gesch. der neuen Sprachenkunde", pt. I (Göttingen, 1807) it had already become a fixed technical term. (The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XIII)

The word "Semitic" is an adjective derived from Shem, one of the three sons of Noah in the Bible (Genesis 5.32, 6.10, 10.21), or more precisely from the Greek form of that name, namely Σημ (Sēm); the noun form referring to a person is Semite. The negative form of the adjective, anti-Semitic, is almost always used as a misnomer to mean "anti-Jewish" specifically.

The concept of a "Semitic" peoples is derived from Biblical accounts of the origins of the cultures known to the ancient Hebrews. Those closest to them in culture and language were generally deemed to be descended from their forefather Shem. Enemies were often said to be descendants of his cursed brother Ham.

In Genesis 10:21-31 Shem is described as the father of Aram, Asshur, and others: the Biblical ancestors of the Aramaeans, Assyrians, Babylonians, Chaldeans, Sabaeans, and Hebrews, etc., all of whose languages are closely related; the language family containing them was therefore named Semitic by linguists.

However, the
Canaanites and Amorites also spoke a language belonging to this family, and are therefore also termed Semitic in linguistics despite being described in Genesis as sons of Ham (See Sons of Noah).

Shem is also described in Genesis as the father of the Elamites and the descendants of Lud, whose languages were not Semitic. [emphasis added by LexiLine]

The hypothetical Proto-Semitic people, ancestral to the speakers of the historical Semitic languages in the Middle East are thought to have been originally from either the Arabian Peninsula (particularly around Yemen) or the Ethiopian Highlands, but its homeland is still much debated and uncertain."

The most ancient Hebrew in the ancient sources is referred to as "Temple Hebrew" [these are originally the hieroglyphs] - which the priests specifically claimed was "another" language than Aramaic - with the latter being a kauderwelsh (mixed bag) lingua franca (generally used language) at the time of Christ.

As one can read at http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi65.htm:

Daniel Sivan in his article on the Northwest Semitic Vocabules

[Sivan, Daniel, Grammatical analysis and glossary of the northwest Semitic vocables in Akkadian texts of the 15th-13th C.B.C. from Canaan and Syria, Kevelaer: Butzon & Bercker; Neukirchener-Vluyn : Neukirchener Verlag, 1984, xiii, 306
p., Alter Orient und Altes Testament ; Bd. 214, Szstx. PJ4150 .S59, 1984]

has isolated language changes, which in my view, when reconstructed backward, clearly make the most ancient known forms of Hebrew look like Indo-European, which I am convinced the original Hebrew actually was, for this was the language of the Old Kingdom Pharaohs, as we find in the hieroglyphs. In the course of the millennia, this was mixed with the indigenous languages of the area - to result in what we today call "Hebrew". This mixture is ancient and goes back clear to the influx of the Sumerians in the Near East - in my opinion the original Hebrews - whose language over the millennia then got mixed with the native Arabic i.e. Afro-Asiatic (Hamito-Semitic) tongue.

To put it bluntly, modern reconstructed Hebrew is of course now a "Semitic" language according to Schloezer's limited definition and as used by mainstream linguists in their studies, but the original unadulterated Hebrew - being in my opinion the original hieroglyphs of Pharaonic Egypt and stretching back to the Old Kingdom - is NOT Semitic at all.

Rather, the true "Semitic" or "Hamito-Semitic" is Arabic, previously Aramaic, which based on blood group results - see http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi23.htm - is a language resulting from the mixture of the white Sumerian immigrants and the local Afro-Asiatic indigenous populations and languages in the region of the Mid-East - a development clearly retold in the Bible regarding Abraham and his Egyptian servant Hagar, a union which allegedly gave rise to Ishmael and the Arabic peoples.

Why is it that we disregard these clear ancient sources???

The blood group analysis above supports the Biblical tale exactly.

Anyone who persists on lumping Hebrew and Arabic into one linguistic pot is just wasting their time as far as man's true history is concerned. Hence, the use of the term Semitic is similarly a waste of time.

Thursday, October 17, 2002

LexiLine Journal #76 - 2002 : Aill Na Mireann Central Stone of Ireland

Welcome!

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In my haste to finish the Ireland uploads, I forgot one of the most important of all the megaliths - Aill na Mireann, also know as the Catstone - the central stone of Ireland, at which the borders of the four viz. five ancient Irish Kingdoms all met. Since West Meath represents Cassiopeia, which has five major stars (four on some
stones), perhaps each of these represented a Kingdom.

To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

aillnamireann.tif
ailnamireann.gif
County West Meath Aill na Mireann Catstone Central Stone Ireland
Cassiopeia Cepheus MAIN (side) VIEW

mireann.tif
mireann.gif
County West Meath Aill na Mireann Catstone Central Stone Ireland
Front View

catstone.tif
catstone.gif
County West Meath Aill na Mireann Catstone Central Stone Ireland
Back View

I managed to get three different angles of the stone in online photographs which was important to cover the constellations and counties.

The Catstone is quite gigantic - about 15 feet high AND wide and you should really look at the online photographs which I cite in my drawings of this stone.

This WAS the original Central stone of Ireland in ancient days, nothwithstanding the fame of the later Knowth and Newgrange. Sadly, the stone is almost unknown and seldom visited.

In terms of linguistic etymologies, Aill na Mireann means "stone of the division" in Gaelic and since Latvian MERIEN means "measure" we can presume Gaelic MIREANN and MERIEN are pretty close to the same origin since old Irish NU-MIR meant "number" and Latvian NUO-MER means "to measure out", i.e. "count" the length of something, which
gave rise to our modern word NUMBER, in German NUMMER. Latvian viz. proto-Indo-Europaen MER- and NUO-MER "measure" is the root.

The same root is found in Ancient Pharaonic Egyptian MERKHET "plumb line" used for astronomy and geodetics and I urge you all to look at http://www.scivis.com/AC/inst/plumb.html
to understand how it was used. MERKET in Latvian means to "aim (by measure)", i.e. a perfect description for the Pharaonic Merkhet.

UPDATE, October 18, 2002

Anne Beideler, a LexiLine member, comments:

">Andis, I am relatively new to this list, and I have been fascinated with
>your recent postings. I wonder if you have time to fill me in on the
>big picture? What do these obvious similarites between Latvian and
>Gaelic languages mean in terms of the people? I would love some more
>background.

>Anne

Here is my answer:

Dear Anne and LexiLiners,

Your question on background is worth a thousand Ph.D doctorates. For now, I can only give you leads, which you will have to take from there.

If you go to MacBain's Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic
Language at
http://www.ceantar.org/Dicts/MB2/
and plug in Lithuanian or Lettic (Latvians in German are Letts, hence the historical term Lettic) as the "substring" to be searched, you will find many listed correspondences - and I can assure you, there are many, many more, some of which I have found in MacBain and which are not listed, e.g. Gaelic sgaiteach "chip cutting of wood", where no Baltic comparable is listed but where the word Latvian skaida, plural skaidas has the same meaning in Latvian as in Gaelic sgaiteach.

Where and when was there an ancient connection between Gaelic and Baltic?

It must be very, very old.

If you go to my website

http://www.dainas.com/

you will find there two links to articles by Raisa Denisova
(see http://vip.latnet.lv/hss/denisova.htm)
and Ilze Loze
(see http://vip.latnet.lv/hss/loze.htm)
about the Mesolithic period which will give you a VERY ancient background of some of the settlement patterns in ancient Europe. I also cite there to a book by Paul Dunbavin on the origin of the Picts, who he traces to the Baltic.

For a nice discussion of the origin of the Celts, which points in the direction of Central Europe, see http://www.accesscom.com/~wangbick/origins.html where it is written, inter alia, that

"Two new groups of people emerge in Central Europe during the late Neolithic (New Stone Age) period, one certainly immigrant. Each group may be distinguished archaeologically by characteristic artifacts found in their respective burial sites. One was a Bell Beaker or drinking vessel. We now refer to this group as the Beaker folk. There is still some doubt as to the origins of the Beaker folk, some say Iberia, and some say Central Europe itself. Never-the-less it is believed that they emerge as an independent cultural group around 3000 B.C.E.

The second group is characterized by a perforated battle-axe of stone. Similarly, we now refer to this group as the Battle-Axe folk. Evidence points towards origins in the steppe-lands of southern Russia, between the Caucasus and the Carpathian mountains. The Battle-Axe folk may be attributed with the initial spread of the Indo-European group of languages. (see diagram) The Indo-European group of languages encompasses most of those current in present-day
Europe. In Central Europe the Beaker folk and Battle-Axe folk fused to become one European people. Shortly thereafter began the Bronze Age in Europe. It is unclear whether the arrival of the two groups influenced the arrival of the Bronze Age or not. Many think that contact with the Mediterranean and beyond may have influenced this
."

Linguistically, according to the diagram referred to in the above citation, it means that some language group we today call Indo-European ultimately divided into Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, Slavonic, Italic, Illyrian, Armenian, Hellenic (Greek), Anatolian (Hittite), Tocharian and Indo-Iranian branches.

Presumably, these various language groups also represent various migrated populations or tribes, all having a common origin. I presume that this common origin is the reason for the similarity in vocabulary of such distant groups as the Gaelics and the Baltics.

Moreover, we can presume at the time of this migration, that they all had similar belief systems - which, of course, changed with time to suit their locality - and we can also presume, as the megaliths show us, that at the time of these migrations, the earth was actually surveyed and land alloted to the various groups.

I personally think that the tale of the "Ten Lost tribes of Israel" refers to the ten tribes of Europe, the other two tribes being Judah (not Judea!) and Israel. In modern times we all speak about Israel and have forgotten Judah (in my opinion, Giza and the Nile Delta), which in ancient days, was more important (see
http://www.Lexiline.com under the searchword "Judah").

The Indo-European linguistic groups of Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, Slavonic, Italic, Illyrian, Armenian, Hellenic (Greek), Anatolian (Hittite), Tocharian and Indo-Iranian add up to eleven, but I think the Tocharians are a subset of one of the other groups. So those may be your 10 lost tribes.

At some pages of Case Western Reserve University, you will find Charles Squire's
The Mythology of Ancient Britain and Ireland which also provides information especially relevant to our megalithic studies and my allegation that Merlin is much, much older than the mainstreamers currently guess....

http://www.cwru.edu/edocs/7/494.pdf - title page
http://www.cwru.edu/edocs/7/495.pdf (chapter I) and
http://www.cwru.edu/edocs/7/496.pdf (chapter V)
http://www.cwru.edu/edocs/7/497.pdf (chronology)

and you will find more of the following material, e.g.

C H A P T E R V : THE MYTHICAL HISTORY OF BRITAIN

"WHEN Britain first, at Heaven's command, arose from out the azure main," her name was Clas
Myrddin, that is, the Place, or Enclosure, of Merlin. In later days, she became known as "the Honey Isle of Beli," and it was not until safely occupied by mankind that she took her present designation, from Prydain, son of Aedd the Great, who first established settled government.
All this is told us by a Welsh Triad, and it is from such fragmentary sources that we glean
the mythical history of our island. With these relics we must make what we can ; for the work has not been done for us in the way that it was done by the mediaeval monkish annalists for Ireland. We find our data scattered through old bardic poems and romances, and in pseudo-hagiologies and hardly less apocryphal histories. Yet, without perhaps using more freedom
with our materials than an early writer would have done, we can piece them together, and find in them roughly the same story as that of Ireland-the subjugation of the land by friendly
gods for the subsequent use of men.
...
[Note: Beli and the many place names Bally- in my opinion equal the Pole of
Heaven, and the ancient worshipeers of "Baal" - Andis]

Beli seems to have been sometimes associated in Welsh legend with the sea, which was called the "drink of Beli," and its waves "Beli's cattle." ..."

And in my own library, I have the book "Myths and Legends of the British Isles" by Richard Barber, Boydell Press, ISBN 0 85115 748 3, which has chapters such as "The Origins of the Scottish Nation" and "The Book of the Taking of Ireland" and "The Descent of the Anglo-Saxon Kings from Woden" which should be read for background.

Anne, there is a lot to be done. Maybe you will be one of the future researchers to do it."

UPDATE October 19, 2002 from Girts Zadins

"Andis, I just read you reply to Anne. Brilliant. If I had the time, I would do the research, as I have often wondered if the Celts and Balts ever met, traded, fought, or inter mixed in ancient times.Thanks for the read and the links. Keep the information coming, Thanks, Girts"

Monday, October 14, 2002

LexiLine Journal #75 - 2002 : Sun Honey Scotland Recumbent Stone is Cepheus

Welcome!

.


To our file folder on Ancient Britain
I have uploaded

sunhoney2.gif
and sun honey2.tif

In the course of deciphering the megaliths of Ancient Ireland I found a photograph of the Sun Honey Recumbent Stone of Scotland in Aubrey Burl, A Guide to the Stone Circles of Britain, Ireland and Brittany.

This photograph is one example of why I am so certain that my decipherments are correct. When new facts turn up, such as this recumbent megalith of Sun Honey in Scotland, which I have long ago identified with Cepheus previous to seeing the actual stone, an analysis of the photograph now conforms to the decipherment exactly.

There is no doubt that the decipherment is correct.

The recumbent stone of Sun Honey, uploaded to the ANCIENT BRITAIN (not Ireland) file folder at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files
as

sunhoney2.gif
and sun honey2.tif

is not only in the shape of Cepheus on the Milky Way - which in itself is incredible, but it also has cupmarks which mark the stars of Cepheus, not as we mark them today, but including more or less the stars of Cepheus which are still in the projection of the Milky Way which Cepheus represents. It is tremendous!

And now I shall take a few weeks break from deciphering and be putting all this up on my web sites.

LexiLine Journal #74 - 2002 : Map of Ancient Ireland Megalithic Decipherment Updated

Welcome!

.


To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

ireland.gif and
ireland.tif

as a new updated Decipherment Map of the megaliths and megalithic sites
of Ancient Ireland.

LexiLine Journal #73 - 2002 : Killadeas County Fermanagh Ireland Hercules

Welcome!

.


To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

killadeas.gif
and killadeas.tif

Killadeas in County Fermanagh, Ireland represents Hercules in the astronomical geodetic system and I have uploaded several graphics:

killadeas.gif
and killadeas.tif

This fantastic megalith has carvings on it showing the constellation Hercules as a powerful bear with a comb of honey in its paws, with many other figures, including a deer, a bear cub, a cat (lynx?) of some kind carrying her kitten, and more.

Linguistically, in KIL-LADEAS, LADEAS is like Latvian LACIS "bear".

Also uploaded are

killadeas2.gif
and killadeas2.tif

showing just two large heads which are also on the megalith but which disappear in the drawing if details are included. Look carefully at my drawing here and then at the cited photos online and you will see these heads, especially the right one, easily, if you look at the stone long enough - it is a bit like those magic eye drawings which were popular some years ago - you have to stare at it a while to see the hidden picture. It is a masterpiece of art, dating to at least 3000 BC.

There is also a killadeas3.gif and killadeas3.tif which I have not and can not upload to our files because it contains a picture hidden in the stone which is of a controversial nature - nor will I send to anyone, even if asked. You yourself will have to look at the right side of the photographs of this megalith online (at the URL referred to in the normal killadeas drawing) and I recommend you use a graphic program such as Paint Shop Pro to enlarge the picture and try to draw what you see along the most prominent lines visible. If you see nothing special on the right side, fine. If you find something Herculean, then you probably see what I see.

This is definitely a stone with the signature of Merlin (Morias, Aesculapius) on it, since stones with similar subject matter also exist in Scotland, England and Wales, e.g. as I have discovered, Arthur's Stone Maen Ceti, which contains Arthur's fabled Sword, and which can not be pulled out of that stone, I assure you.

And with this fabulous and unexpected megalith, learning what gave Hercules his name, and why he was represented as Kaiechos on the Pharaonic hieroglyphs, that ends the decipherment of the megaliths of Ancient Ireland - except for the next .gif and .tif which are updates of the Ancient Ireland Decipherment map.

For the megaliths of Ancient Ireland, you the members of LexiLine now know and other 6 billion out there do not know... yet.

Update October 15, 2002

Jacque Driskell, a LexiLine member, has the following comment:

"Regarding: "Hercules as a powerful bear with a comb of honey in its paws, with many other figures, including a deer, a bear cub, a cat (lynx?) of some kind carrying her kitten, and more."The honey comb, and cat sound like SAMSON. Which I personally believe predates Hercules as ancient stories go. The feats of SAMSON are in riddle form and his name is related to the gate of the Sun, as are his feats. I read this interpretation in a philosophy book many years ago, and have studied the text to affirm it's truth. One of his feats involved lighting the tails of a nest of foxes, could this be the cat form? With regards, Jacque D."

LexiLine Journal #72 - 2002 : Creevykeel County Sligo Ireland Virgo Boötes

Welcome!

.


To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

creevykeel1.gif and
creevykeel1.tif (that is a 1 at the end not an L)

Creevykeel in Sligo, Ireland represents Virgo in the geodetic system and it is regarded by almost all who go there to be a splendid and breathtaking sight for the primeval majesty of this so-called "court tomb" which should more correctly be called a "court circle".

The uploaded creevykeel.gif
and creevykeel.tif

show the entire court circle with my decipherments of the largest stones, although many of the small stones clearly also have figures drawn on them - and, originally - represented stars. Remember, the ancients did everything by intent - there were no superfluous stones.

Creevkeel has one of the finest megaliths in all of Ireland, as I have deciphered it, representing Boötes. Harvard did research on this site some time ago and were of the opinion it is one of the oldest sites in Ireland, yet the megalithic figure of Boötes is so breathtakingly modern as to almost broadcast the coming of modern man and woman - and in this case, it is a woman, in regal dress, with a fur of Draco tossed over her shoulder.

Make sure you look at the detailed .gif of this magnificent megalith at the uploaded

creevykeel1.gif and
creevykeel1.tif (that is a 1 at the end not an L)

and then look at the photos online which are referred to in my
drawings. It is a site you will never forget - for you will never
look at Neolithic mankind the same again.

LexiLine Journal #71 - 2002 : Knockeen County Waterford Ireland Eridanus

Welcome!

.


To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

knockeen.gif and
knockeen.tif

The site Knockeen in County Waterford, Ireland is a popular site for tourists because it has two capstones one on top of the other, although no one knows why. If it were a tomb - as the mainstreamers allege, which of course is nonsense - it would not need two piggy-back capstones.

The fact is that Knockeen represents Eridanus, a constellation traditionally and even today represented at two somewhat offset levels in the sky, and that is exactly what the capstones do, representing Eridanus.

There are also separate stones for Columba, Caelum, and Horologium and one of the stones of Horologium has LMC, the Large Magellanic Cloud marked on it as well.

LexiLine Journal #70 - 2002 : Skregg County Roscommon Ireland Ursa Major

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

skregg.gif and
skregg.tif

The site Skregg in County Roscommon, Ireland has a capstone in the
shape of Ursa Major and markings indicate it is Ursa Major, though
the stone is very weatherworn. The major clue was two eyes on the
animal on the front but also two apparent cupmarks below it, forming
a square face as it were for the cup-part of the Big Dipper.

LexiLine Journal #69 - 2002 : Timoney County Tipperary Ireland Orion

Welcome!

.


To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

timoney.gif and
timoney.tif

The site Timoney in County Tipperary, Ireland has many more stones than these three, but these three appear to represent Orion's Belt of stars.

The largest of the megaliths has markings and figures on it indicating that it they are the stars of Orion.

LexiLine Journal #68 - 2002 : Holestone Crag County Antrim Ireland Sagittarius

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

holestone.gif and
holestone.tif

representing County Antrim in Ireland as Sagittarius.

What is remarkable about the Holestone is that it sits on a big crag of earth and rock far larger than the megalith itself and the rock of the crag below the megalith has also been carved, though apparently not discovered by anyone yet other than myself. Most observers pay too much attention to one specific obvious feature at a site and do not do a thorough view of everything. The crag not only pictures Sagittarius, but also the boat of Capricorn, Sagitta, Aquila and perhaps Scorpio to the far right, but I do not have enough material on the photo to be sure.

We underestimate the thoroughness of the ancients. They left nothing to chance and most sites are carved and designed to a much greater extent than we realize. Apparently, EVERYTHING was seen by Neolithic Man to have a significance. The ancients had time and were not in a hurry.

You will appreciate the sites more in knowing that every stone used was specially selected for its purpose. Our ancestors were a creative people - just as we are today.

LexiLine Journal #67 - 2002 : Punchestown County Kildare Ireland Perseus

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

punchestown.gif and
punchestown.tif

representing County Kildare in Ireland as Perseus.

There are two Punchestown sites in Kildare and the one is obviously a much older megalith than the other. Their positions were surely moved due to precession and a new astronomical measurement made some thousands of years later as we find e.g. for similarly large stones at Blieskastel's Gollen Stone (Gollenstein) and St. Ingbert in
Germany, though these represent Hydra.

LexiLine Journal #66 - 2002 : Ballyvatheen County Kilkenny Ireland Taurus

Welcome!

.


To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

ballyvatheen.gif and
ballyvatheen.tif

representing County Kilkenny in Ireland as Taurus.

Not only are the stars marked on the stone but as many observers have remarked, the stone defies gravity, standing on its slender tapered end with the wide end upward,
thus of course representing the horn-shape of Taurus.

LexiLine Journal #65 - 2002 : Ballyboher County Wexford Ireland Cetus

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

ballyboher.gif and
ballyboher.tif

representing County Wexford in Ireland as Cetus.
The top is clearly Menkar as fins and the the head of the stone at the bottom appears to be a seal.

LexiLine Journal #64 - 2002 : Tireighter County Derry Ireland Sagittarius

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

tireighter.gif and
tireighter.tif

representing County Derry in Ireland as Sagittarius.

LexiLine Journal #63 - 2002 : Journal is Reserved.

Welcome!

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Journal 63 is reserved.

LexiLine Journal #62 - 2002 : Lisbunny County Tipperary Ireland Orion

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

lisbunny.gif and
lisbunny.tif

representing County Tipperary in Ireland as Orion, but also showing the form and stars of Taurus at the top.

LexiLine Journal #61 - 2002 : Liagans Kilmihil County Clare Ireland Cancer

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

liagans.gif and
liagans.tif

representing County Clare in Ireland as Cancer. The right stone shows Cancer, the left Leo and Hydra.

Note that Kilmihil as a word is equivalent to Kilmichael and that the megalithic site of Kilmichael in Scotland has the same astronomical position.

LexiLine Journal #60 - 2002 : Coumaraglin County Waterford Ireland Caelum Eridanus

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

coumaraglin.gif and
coumaraglin.tif

representing County Waterford as Caelum and Eridanus.

The stars at the point of Eridanus near Caelum are paired and so it is also at this megalithic site.

LexiLine Journal #59 - 2002 : Ballynacgloghy County Galway Ireland Hydra Leo

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

ballynacloghy.gif and
ballynacloghy.tif

representing County Galway as Hydra and Leo.

This site is remarkable in that other observers think the capstone has fallen, but if you view the site carefully, you will see this is impossible, since the right flanking stone is so large that the capstone would have been at an impossibly high angle.

In fact, the megalith makers intended the site to look exactly as it does, with the angled capstone representing the break in Hydra at Alphard, and Leo, as a separate megalith, peering correctly from the background through that break.

LexiLine Journal #58 - 2002 : Drumnart County Monaghan Ireland Cygnus

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

drumnart.gif and
drumnart.tif

representing County Monaghan as Cygnus.

LexiLine Journal #57 - 2002 : Burren County Cavan Ireland Draco Heaven's Serpent

Welcome!

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To our file folder on Ancient Ireland
I have uploaded

burren.gif and
burren.tif

representing County Cavan as Draco, heaven's serpent.

Sunday, October 13, 2002

LexiLine Journal #56 - 2002 : Temair Tara Hill Lia Fail Slighe Cualann Ireland Precession Pole Star

Welcome!

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The Hill of Tara and Lia Fail, the Stone of Destiny are famed, but no one really knows what they mean.

To our Ancient Ireland folder

I am uploading tarahill.gif and
tarahill.tif

showing how The Hill of Tara marks the center of the heavens but particularly how the Slighe Cualann path marked on the Tara site marks the path of precession
which is the path Slighe Cualann.

The famous Lia Fail - Stone of Destiny - at this site marks the position of the Pole Star in any given era, the latest of which for the Tara site appears to be relatively late, megalithically seen, at a date I estimate at ca. 1000 BC.

LexiLine Journal #55 - 2002 : Knowth Ireland Draco North Ecliptic Pole

Welcome!

.


To our Ancient Ireland folder in the LexiLine files

I have uploaded
knowth.gif and
knowth.tif

showing how an aerial view of the famous site of KNOWTH (i.e. "knot") in Ireland
permits its decipherment as the North Ecliptic Pole with the stars of Draco around it as the surrounding mounds.

LexiLine Journal #54 - 2002 : Beaghmore County Tyrone Revisited : Ophiuchus Scorpio Serpens Caput Ara

Welcome!

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Based on a map of the megalithic sites in Tyrone County in a book by Aubrey Burl, A Guide to the Stone Circles of Britain, Ireland and Britanny,

To our Ancient Ireland files, I am uploading

beaghmore2.tif and
beaghmore2.gif

showing how all the sites in Tyrone County represent stars in Ophiuchus, Scorpio, Serpens Caput and Ara.

This analysis confirms absolutely my previous analysis of the individual site of Beaghmore itself, which is an architectural miniature - so to speak - of the plan executed on a larger regional county basis.

Indeed, perhaps that was one of the Beaghmore site's functions.

Saturday, October 12, 2002

LexiLine Journal #53 - 2002 : IRELAND MAP : Decipherment of Irish Megaltihs and Megalithic Sites

Welcome!

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To make the decipherments more understandable, I have, as for other countries, created a map of Ireland showing the ancient geodetic astronomical system of survey for the counties of Ireland.

Important megalithic sites are noted for each county, and in most cases these are sites or megaliths which I have deciphered and to which there are decipherment gifs pngs and tifs in our files on Ancient Ireland.

The files
ireland.gif and
ireland.tif
have thus been uploaded to the LexiLine files
on Ancient Ireland
at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files
[the newer URL is http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files/].

LexiLine Journal #52-A - 2002 : Amun Menes Thoth Iti Osiris Sior - Time Passages & God in Heaven

Welcome!




Subj: Amun Menes Thoth Iti Osiris Sior - Time Passages & God in Heaven

Correspondence between LexiLine member Gary Gilligan and Andis Kaulins (AK), LexiLine list owner, published with Gary's permission. Gary asked about my identification of Amun with the Moon, and also about Thoth and Osiris.

Here is what I replied:

[AMUN]

"... [In my opinion] the word for Moon comes from the Indo-European e.g. Latvian MENESIS, i.e. MENesis viz. MAINesis where MEN is like Latvian MAIN "changing one" and -esis is the Latvian verb "to be" found also in Latin est. For MAINA "change" you then have the Latvian variant MAINIT "to change" whence German MONAT "month" which became English MONTH.

[THOTH]

Thoth [erroneously "affiliated" with the Moon by Egyptologists] is not some name of the Moon per se but rather refers to the "recorder" of the changing Moon, i.e. a recorder of time passages. Thoth is depicted as the IBIS because the Indo-European e.g. Latvian word for this bird is TITILBIS i.e. dividable as TIT-ILBIS, so that THOTH in the hieroglyphs came from the first syllable TIT- and IBIS in the hieroglyphs from the second syllable -ILBIS.

As noted in the British Museum Dictionary of Ancient Egypt under the entry Thoth:

"Utterance 359 of the PYRAMID TEXTS describes how the gods gained access to the netherworld by traveling " 'on the wing ofThoth' across to the other side of the 'winding waterway' "

This waterway is of course the Milky Way, but not recognized as such by the Egyptologists because they have no clue about astronomy. That is like a physician with no knowledge of anatomy.

[SUMERIAN ITI]

The use of the homophonic form Thoth in association with the Moon comes from the ancient word ITI (Sumerian) for Moon, which is Indo-European e.g. Latvian (also ancient Greek) IETI "goes" i.e. "the passage of time". ITI in Sumerian is often then depicted as sheep - and Sumerologists, also having no clue about astronomy or linguistics, think this means that those records are "counting sheep" whereas sheep are in fact being used as counting symbols for the Moon because in Indo-European, e.g. Latvian, the ITI-homophonic (similarly sounding) word AITI means "sheep".

So, in Pharaonic Egyptian, Thoth is the symbol for "counting" of time, not for the Moon per se. As you can read further under "Thoth" in that same dictionary:

"An association with the passing of time is reflected in those depictions that show him [Thoth] recording the king's names on the leaves of the persea tree."

Thoth is the RECORDER of heavenly motions, but is not the Moon, who is AMUN.

[OSIRIS]

As for Osiris, OSIRIS is Latvian ZARS / ZARAS /ZARI "branches" and e.g. as in Sumerian SAR applies to the branches of "divisions" of heaven. That is why there are Egyptian legends of OSIRIS division into:

a) 42 parts (these are the Nomes of Egypt and the Temples of Sumer) [our discoveries], i.e. the division of the heavens into constellations)

b) or also 72 parts (this is the round of precession of 25920 years divided into 360 segments of 72 due to the fact that one degree of precession equals 72 years, i.e. 72 x 360 = 25920).

The affiliation of Osiris with death may come from the Egyptologists' confusion of Indo-European e.g. Latvian ZARAS (branches, divisions) with Latvian ASARAS "tears, i.e. the tears of weeping and sorrow", for sorrow in Latvian is the similar word SERAS, concepts which could all have been represented by the same homophonic (similarly sounding) hieroglyphic symbol."

Gary replied in a message as follows:

GG:

"Do you think there is a connection here with the early dynastic pharaoh MENES (Narmer 3100 BC) or the latter pharaohs of the 11th Dynasty i.e. MENtuhotep I?

Osiris

Amun (the moon) was assigned a celestial sacred boat as evidenced by the festivals (Opet) and the Egyptian art work dedicated to him. Although I think I understand the nature of Osiris, the question has to be asked, if Re (the Sun) and Amun (Moon) were ascribed sacred celestial boats, then why did Osiris have a celestial boat if he too did not represent a planet traversing the skies?

Gary Gilligan"

I replied:
AK:

"Gary, At my website you will find under MEINOS
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi73.htm

"Meinos = Orion Mors in Taurus out of the Osiris of the"Sphaera barbarica" (Scherer, p. 233). Perhaps this is the original heavenly Menes of antiquity. According to Kunitzsch, the Arabs call the three stars of Orion (nugu) M-AN-NAZM." Quoted from Der Sternhimmel in den Dichterischen Vergleichen der Andalus-Araber, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlaendischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 128, no. 2, 1978.

From the standpoint of Latvian language, MENES could easily be related to the Latvian term MENESS "the Moon", but also simply through M//V Shift also to Latvian VIENS or VIENIS meaning "first" or "one". Osiris was in my opinion clearly not a planet to start out, but the term got so broadened in the course of Egyptian history that it surely became applied to various aspects of the heavens... so, depending on the time period you want, it could have been applied as a name to a star, a constellation or even a planet.

However, as you can see from my transcription of the Turin Canon at http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi104.htm
Osiris is not a very good candidate as a name for Saturn but it could have been applied to Venus.
The Pharaonic hieroglpyhs there read in my opinion ISS which is Latvian for "short"and RE viz. REDZE, Latvian for "sight" so that ISRE or OSIRIS is possible."

I then sent Gary an additional message to add to the one above.

AK:

Also to be considered for the origin of OSIRIS is the alternative Gaelic SIOR which I claim to be the origin of the older name for Newgrange which is SI AN BHRU - i.e. I think this was actually SIOR AN BHRU meaning "the eternal post or beam", i.e. a reference to the North Ecliptic Pole.

To understand this please look at my recent files (open only to group members) on Ancient Ireland at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/file.

SIOR could well be the older form of OSIRis since the divisions of the heavens extend outward from this immovable spot. This would also give Osiris a heavenly "position".

P.S. can I post some of our discussion on this matter to the LexiLine list as one posting ?"

Gary replied:

GG:

"You could be right, I have considered the North Ecliptic Pole. Osiris's hieroglyphs, the throne and eye could be considered as a fixed eternal post or beam, but Osiris's celestial barque still troubles me. If Osiris is connected to the 'immovable spot' why did the Egyptians gift him a boat?

No objection to LexiLine list as one posting, please correct any of my spelling mistakes (lol)."

I wrote my answer to Gary as follows:

AK:
"I can not answer this for the ancient Pharaohs. You may.
Here is some more information.

The Latvian Dainas speak of "Dievs sed Laivina, dienu nakti" which means "God sits in a boat day and night".

This god also wears a cape of stars - the stars of the heavens. We had such a "coat" by the way found in the Tomb of Tutankhamun.

If the Latvian God is like the original Osiris - i.e. the immovable "eye" in heaven - then he has a boat, according to the Latvian Dainas, I guess because he is in the midst of the ocean of the firmament.

The etymological connection is the fricative DZ- which seems to precede the Latvian DIEVS (god, Latin deus) in the form DZIEVS [DZIV- also means "life" in Latvian] but also in such related cognate terms as DZIR-KALIS "millstone cutter", i.e. Hamlet's Mill of Heaven, so that DZIR- in other forms such as DZIR-NAVAS in Latvian means "mill".

Hence, DZIR in the sense of the Almighty, transformed to SIOR "eternal" in Gaelic is the immortal immovable spot in heaven - the only such apparent spot in our visible universe - where all else appears to move, and so, I think the ancients saw this as the seat of God, at the center of heaven's mill [or the immovable eye, or God in a boat at the center of heaven]."

Andis

P.S. Let us presume here that Gary and I have correctly arrived in our discussion at the megalithic view of God as the Almighty invisible one residing at the only immovable part of heaven, the North Ecliptic Pole.

What has happened to mankind in the intervening 5000 years?

We have supplanted this simple understandable astronomical view ofGod by a host of man-made religions each of whom has informed us that they possess special "heavenly" prophets in human form who were divined to earth by extraterrestrial means (UFOs?) to advertise God's message through the mouths of other lesser humans nevertheless claiming special knowledge of God's intentions and allegedly preaching "God's" word.

The result of modern religions is the war, conflict and strife
we view daily in the news.
Is this God?
I doubt it.

I am fascinated by the megaliths and by megalithic men for their honesty as men in portraying their world as a sound human mind would portray such a world - in their era - in seeking a reason for man's being on this earth in the motions of the spheres around an [apparent] immovable center.

By comparison, man's modern religions are dishonest with the universe and with the men they are supposed to serve - not command.

At least the ancients had a location for God's abode. Moderns have no conception of where their God is - though they claim him to be in Heaven. Where?

The moderns then believe that God first came onto earth only after Man learned to read and write and then allegedly put God's word into print for all of us to read - of course, in THEIR language. And of course, each religion has their OWN book of the REAL TRUTH.

As if God did not exist prior to books, or print.

Indeed, if God exists, he existed prior to MAN - and he created ALL men. We are all a part of the universe and always will be.

THAT is true religion, for it is everlasting, and it was the - perhaps childlike, but honest - religion of the ancients, which we have lost and have replaced by dishonest adult idols which are far worse in result than any idols which the ancients revered. Just turn on your TV and you will see modern religions in action.

Andis

[Update October 19, 2006]

Osiris - so transcribed in Egyptology - also conceivably meant the physical force of "gravity" (otherwise missing in Ancient Egyptian texts) as in the Indo-European, e.g. Latvian SVARS "wieght", a concept of gravity which may be represented by the hieroglyphs of OSIRIS in certain hieroglyphic contexts pertaining, for example, to the scattering of the remains of Osiris on the earth and there then afterwards representing the primordial male force.

LexiLine Journal #52 - 2002 : Beaghmore County Tyrone Ireland Ophiuchus Serpens Caput Scorpio Ara Telescopium

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Beaghmore in Tyrone County, Ireland, is a massive site of earthworks and megaliths and - though relatively unknown - is probably the greatest of all sites in Ireland, marking the important constellations of Ophiuchus and Serpens Caput - plus Scorpio - which we know from Scotland and England were the special marks of the originator of the megalithic system of geodetic astronomy for the world, namely Aesculapius, who we call Merlin.

You can see an aerial photo of the site at
http://www.tulane.edu/~danny/beag.jpg

My decipherment of the site is found in the LexiLine files for
Ancient Ireland

where I have uploaded
beaghmore.gif and
beaghmore.tif

showing how the earthworks and megaliths mark the constellations of Ophiuchus, Serpens Caput, Scorpio, Corona Borealis, Ara and Telescopium.

This is one of those sites which substantiates the entire analysis of the megaliths of Ireland with a great deal of certainty since there is no doubt about the stone circles forming Scorpio at that site.

Thursday, October 10, 2002

LexiLine Journal #51 - 2002 : Uragh County Kerry Ireland Argo

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I have uploaded uragh.gif and uragh.tif to the LexiLine files
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files
[newer URL is http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files]
on
Ancient Ireland.

The site of Uragh at the bottom of County Kerry on the border to County Cork is in my opinion a name comparable to the Argo, i.e. URAGH = ARGO, which it represents, being the False Cross between Vela, the Sail, and Carina, the body of the ship.

CORK represents the ship and is surely Gaellic CURACH "boat" so that CORK takes its name from CURACH "boat". Simply stated, CURACH is (C)URACH = URAGH.

Cobh is the rudder, Canopus.

The large front stone at URAGH has cupmarks for the False Cross at the front of it, a large mark for the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) below that, marking the South Ecliptic Pole.

To the left of LMC is an elephant's trunk with the eye marking the South Celestial Pole and further below that at the legs of the elephant is a mark which marks the South Galactic Pole.

This stone may also mark a map of the world on its front, but the lines seem to be too faint to be able to tell with certainty.

[Update October 11, 2002 by Steve Burdic]

Subj: Uragh photo
Date: 10/10/2002 1:40:29 PM Eastern Standard Time
From: "Steve Burdic"
To:

Andis:

I went to the photo you suggested at megalithomania (of Uragh) and was disappointed with the image viz. your description. I put the image into Photoshop and increased both brightness and contrast and saved it as a gif. The features you discussed, particularly the false cross and the lmc, were then highlighted. I am including a
copy of this with the email. I don't feel it would be fair to post this to the list as I don't know the author and I have changed the image dramatically. Many thanks for the work you are doing on these megaliths.

It makes me wonder with all of our technogear if we couldn't take some of the subjectivity out of the interpretation of these carvings. Being there in person would be the best thing but aren't there techniques for judging the age of stone surfaces and therefore carvings. How about a topographic map of the stone with millimeter increments. or black light or other wavelengths of light. Different sun angles (i.e shadows) or other lighting may improve the seeing of these features.

....

Best Regards

Steve Burdic

LexiLine Journal #50 - 2002 : Ballyedmonduff County Dublin Ireland Andromeda

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The largest stone at the site of Ballyedmonduff in County Dublin, Ireland has cupmarks which seem to mark Andromeda quite clearly.

As a matter of etymology, Dublin is Gaelic Baile Atta Cliath which I think meant Andromeda, perhaps ancient Kwet viz. Kuton (see R.H. Allen p. 36 in Star Names).

Perhaps all are related to Gaelic cliathach "slope, mountain side, side", and "side" was also its meaning in Arabic.

I have uploaded this stone as
ballyedmonduff.gif and
ballyedmonduff.tif
to our files for Ancient Ireland.

LexiLine Journal #49 - 2002 : Fenegh Beg Capstone County Leitrim Ireland Boötes

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I have uploaded
feneghbeg.gif and
feneghbeg.tif
to the LexiLine files on Ancient Ireland.

Fenegh Beg again shows that we pay too little attention to the shape of the capstones on dolmens, since these capstones are often in the shape of the constellation of stars they represent or the object represented, so also here, where the Fenegh Beg capstone is in the shape of Boötes.

As a matter of etymology, Fenagh (Fe-NAGH) in Leitrim = Boötes = could be related to Arabic NAKKAR "Boötes". FENAGH may just mean the Boötes shape of "FINGER" based on Indo-European e.g. Latvian NAG- "nail", so that you have the Latvian variant PIE-NAGA meaning "at the nail" = Finger in this sense but also the Latvian PIE-ROKAS "at the hand" = Latvian PIRKSTS < PIRKS-TAS "finger".

This would indicate the finger was originally divided in conception at the joints - which is logical. You have the nail, the finger part next to the nail, the finger part next to the hand, and then the hand to the wrist, then the arm to the elbow, the elbow to the shoulder, etc., divisions confirmed by ancient measurement units.

LexiLine Journal #48 - 2002 : Ballybane Rock Drawing County Cork Ireland False Cross Vela Carina

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I have uploaded
ballybane.gif and
ballybane.tif
to the LexiLine files on Ancient Ireland.

The Ballybane rock drawing in County Cork gave me a lot of trouble because I originally assigned its large cupmarks to the stars of Crux, which it could well represent.

However, as the entire system in Ireland became clearer, it then turned out that Ballybane could only be the False Cross at border of the constellations Vela and Carina.

Note that the reason for this is that southwest Ireland corresponds in shape to the break in the Milky Way between Vela and Carina and also approximates this break in shape.

Additionally, it appears that the center of the False Cross could have been used to triangulate the South Ecliptic Pole and South Celestial Pole.

LexiLine Journal #47 - 2002 : Ballykeel Capstone County Armagh Ireland Aquila

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I have uploaded
ballykeel.gif and
ballykeel.tif
to the LexiLine files on Ancient Ireland.

Ballykeel in county Armagh in Ireland represents Aquila = KEEL, which is clear from the shape of the Capstone in the diamond-shape of this constellation.

LexiLine Journal #46 - 2002 : Clonkeen Stone Ireland County Offaly Gemini County Laois Auriga

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I have just uploaded
clonkeen.gif and
clonkeen.tif
to our Ancient Ireland files.

The representation of Gemini and Auriga on the Clonkeen Stone are similar to the image found for this portion of the heavens at the world map on the channel stone at Monte Lungo, Sardinia.

Gemini in the county system is Offaly whereas Laois is Auriga.

We have a good etymological match of LAOIS as Auriga in the so-called barbarian ALIOC for Auriga (see p. 85 of Hinckley's Star Names).

OFFALY is in Gaelic Uabh Failghe (viz. Ui Failghe) = Gemini where Uabh is like Latvian ABI "two, both".

There is also a match to Anglo-Norman Frere for Gemini, which is Gaelic VRAAR "brother(s)".

Lastly, Ovid wrote Oebalii for Gemini so that OEBALII = OFFALY.

LexiLine Journal #45 - 2002 : Ardmore Stone County Donegal Ireland Scorpio

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I have uploaded
ardmore.gif and
ardmore.tif
to the LexiLine files on Ancient Ireland.

The Ardmore Stone in County Donegal, Ireland, near the village of Muff, represents Scorpio, also adding a few stars now assigned to Ophiuchus.

As we learned from ancient stones in Scotland, cupmarks with many rings around them generally represent EMPTY SPACE, i.e. regions of few or no stars. We have numerous such whorls on this stone, which otherwise shows the stars of Scorpio and in part Ophiuchus.

It is a bit of irony that the cupmarked whorls are those given all the attention by mainstream scientists, and yet these whorls mean literally "emptiness", and are thus much like previous mainstream megalithic theories, void of content.

LexiLine Journal #44 - 2002 : Ballylowra Stones County Kilkenny Ireland Taurus

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Uploaded to the Ancient Ireland file are
ballylowra.gif and
ballylowra.tif

The rock drawing of the wild boar is quite distinct.

Irish Gaelic TORC is a boar and hence we have a good match between TORC and TAURUS which the stone(s) at Ballylowra in County Kilkenny represent, with the large carved rock being the wild pig and the small stones below and to the right of this rock being the piglets as the Hyades weaning on the wild pig. Only one of the piglets appears to be in its original position.

The line of four stars at the bottom and to the right of Gemini and to the left of Taurus are shown as four separate protruding stones in the megalithic picture of this region of the skies.

LexiLine Journal #43 - 2002 : Aghade Capstone Carlow County Pleiades Eels

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´

Lest anyone think that the stones of TUILYIES in Scotland or ARDRISTAN in Ireland do not represent the Pleiades as eels - Manx Gaellic calls an eel an ASTAN (like ARDRISTAN), we have another site in Carlow County which settles the issue dramatically.

The remarkable Aghade Capstone near TULLOW (recall the similar TUILYIES in Scotland) - is one of the most unique megaliths in Ireland - and represents a swarm of eels all striving for the middle of the stone.

We have to recall that the ancients saw the Pleiades as the creative product of the Phallic symbol at the bottom of Perseus, i.e. the jutting extension or phallus of the Milky Way at the point.

As Enrico Calzolari has informed me about the beliefs of e.g. Sardinia, the Pleiades were always affiliated in this manner with fertility.

People have been at a loss to describe this stone, thinking it was a spider or some other strange object, and yet, anyone who knows anything about eels, sees immediatley that these are eels. Put bluntly, the eels represent the sperm of creation. As in mankind so in the universe.

Beliefs such as this disappeared as established churches stamped them out as paganism, supplanting them with "holy ghosts". Is it an improvement? You decide.

The Irish word for eel is EASG so this is not likely AGHADE, but perhaps the Gaelic term GAD meaning "withe" or "rod" would account for the site name AGHADE.

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